Implant based rehabilitation of the atrophic posterior maxilla has previously required extensive bone grafting necessitating  multiple surgical stages, or major procedures such as zygomatic implants, unsuitable for local anaesthesia. Both approaches are associated with significant peri-operative morbidity and prolonged recovery.

With the introduction of site specific implants for molar replacement, it has been possible to simplify implant placement in the posterior maxilla. In most cases a single stage technique can be utilised, even when there is extensive sinus pneumatisation, accompanied by gross alveolar resorption. The technique lends itself to the immediate replacement of failing isolated teeth, the conventional removal of which would otherwise predispose to membrane perforation and further bone loss.